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France (French: [fʁɑ̃s]), officially your own French Republic (French: République française [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]) is usually a sovereign state comprising territory within western Europe ALONG WITH numerous overseas regions AND ALSO territories.[XVI] your current European portion of France, called Metropolitan France, extends with the Mediterranean Sea on the English Channel and the North Sea, IN ADDITION TO with the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. France spans 643,801 square kilometres (248,573 sq mi)[1] IN ADDITION TO possesses earnings population of 66.6 million.[VI][3] that is a unitary semi-presidential republic through the capital throughout Paris, your country's greatest city AS WELL AS main interpersonal ALONG WITH commercial centre. your current Constitution involving France establishes your own state Equally secular IN ADDITION TO democratic, inside the sovereignty derived with the people. During your current Iron Age, What is actually now Metropolitan France am inhabited through the Gauls, the Celtic people. the Gauls were conquered within 51 BC through the Roman Empire, of which held Gaul until 486. your current Gallo-Romans faced raids ALONG WITH migration through the Germanic Franks, that dominated your region regarding hundreds associated with years, eventually bringing in your medieval Kingdom of France. France emerged like a biggest European power in the Late Middle Ages, within its victory at the Hundred Years' War (1337 to be able to 1453) strengthening French state-building AND ALSO paving the way for a good future centralized absolute monarchy. while in your own Renaissance, France experienced a vast social development IN ADDITION TO official the start of your global colonial empire. your own 16th century \'m dominated through religious civil wars between Catholics AND Protestants (Huguenots). France became Europe's dominant cultural, political, AND ALSO military power under Louis XIV.[8] French philosophers played a button role at the Age associated with Enlightenment throughout your 18th century. on the late 18th century, the absolute monarchy are overthrown at the French Revolution. Among its legacies feel your own Declaration of an Rights connected with Man ALONG WITH of any Citizen, single of the earliest documents with human rights, of which expresses your nation's ideals in order to your day. France became single connected with modern history's earliest republics until Napoleon took power AS WELL AS released the initial French Empire inside 1804. Fighting against an complex set associated with coalitions in the course of your own Napoleonic Wars, he dominated European affairs intended for greater than a decade IN ADDITION TO had a good long-lasting impact on Western culture. immediately after your own collapse of your Empire, France endured a good tumultuous succession associated with governments: your current monarchy feel restored, That am replaced throughout 1830 via the constitutional monarchy, after that briefly coming from an Second Republic, after that through a good Second Empire, until a great more lasting French Third Republic are official with 1870. your own French republic had tumultuous relationships by the Catholic Church from the dechristianization regarding France in the course of ones French Revolution towards the 1905 law establishing laïcité. Laïcité is really a strict but consensual application form connected with secularism, which is to be nowadays a mouse clicks federative rule on the modern French society. France reached it\'s territorial height throughout the 19th AND early 20th centuries, Any time It ultimately possessed the second-largest colonial empire on the world.[9] throughout World War I, France are solitary of a main winners Just like portion of any Triple Entente alliance fighting against the Central Powers. France \'m furthermore individual of a Allied Powers throughout World War II, but came under occupation through the Axis Powers inside 1940. after liberation within 1944, a good Fourth Republic are standard AND ALSO later dissolved during your Algerian War. your Fifth Republic, led through Charles de Gaulle, am formed inside 1958 AND ALSO carries on to help the actual day. following World War II, most of your French colonial empire became decolonized.